Vigilantes captivate the literature world
The idea of individuals seeking justice, or their interpretation of it, has been a recurrent motif in fiction for centuries. Whether they fight for truth, protect the innocent, or seek revenge against injustice, vigilantes are a mainstay in literature.
Alexander Dumas: The Count of Monte Cristo
To me, Alexandre Dumas' “The Count of Monte Cristo” is a pioneering work on vigilantism in literature. Set in 19th-century Europe, the novel follows Edmond Dantes' relentless pursuit of revenge, a mission ignited by false accusations that led to his unjust imprisonment in the Chateau D'If for 14 grueling years.
Dumas delves into the darker aspects of human nature and the destruction that greed can bring, but uses Edmond Dantes as a representation of the perfect gentleman and other admirable qualities.
Was there any justification for Dantes’ acts of revenge? Were the Count's actions towards the Villefort, Danglars, Caderousse, and Mondego families justified? Or did the Count take matters further than what should be acceptable in society? Regardless of one's perspective on these questions, the novel captivates with its eloquent language and intricately plotted revenge narrative.
Johnston McCulley: Zorro
After Johnston McCulley introduced the world to Zorro in 1919, the masked vigilante became a fixture in media, appearing in films, TV series, musicals, comics, and computer games.
In the story, Don Diego de la Vega, a prosperous landowner, assumes the secret identity to protect and avenge the poor, weak, and oppressed against the forces of injustice. The character is frequently linked to Joaquin Murrieta, a notorious bandit whose exploits reverberated during California's Gold Rush in the 1850s.
In 2007, Isabel Allende wrote an origin story set against the backdrop of Mexican-ruled California. Her rendition covered the early escapades of the masked crusader.
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Taking justice into your own hands-the aspects of vigilantism
Throughout history, individuals, groups, and organizations have taken matters of justice into their own hands. These are the common features and motivations that drive vigilante actions.
Jeff Lindsay: Dexter Morgan
The protagonist in Jeff Lindsay's “Dexter series”, Dexter Morgan, leads a dual life. By day, he's a forensic analyst at the fictional Miami-Metro Police Department (MMPD), admired by colleagues and involved in a seemingly blissful relationship with Rita Bennett (Julie Benz). However, concealed within him is “The Dark Passenger”, a haunting inner voice that urges him to kill.
Rooted in a traumatic past, Dexter was raised by his adoptive father, Harry Morgan, a police officer. Harry instilled in Dexter a moral code that channels his murderous inclinations toward those who have escaped the clutches of the legal system. When night falls, Dexter indulges his true passion: killing.
Lindsay's novels formed the basis for the Showtime series “Dexter” which featured Michael C. Hall and Jennifer Carpenter in leading roles.
Lee Child: Jack Reacher
Jack Reacher, the central character in Lee Child's novel series, is a towering figure standing at an imposing height of six foot five and weighing two hundred and fifty pounds. Once a distinguished military police officer and scrupulous detective, Reacher has since adopted a transient lifestyle as a drifter, though he finds himself frequently in various predicaments.
In a departure from typical vigilantes, Reacher isn't driven by a mission to aid others. As he states in Persuader, “I don’t care about the little guy. I just hate the big guy. I hate big smug people who think they can get away with things.”
Throughout the series, Child portrays civilian authorities as ineffective, corrupt, or absent. Reacher emerges as a blunt instrument that dispenses justice without being encumbered by legalities. He materializes seemingly out of thin air and leaves behind a trail of chaos (rarely allowing adversaries to face trial) before he vanishes into the horizon.
The character has been adapted into film and television. Tom Cruise starred in two movie adaptations in 2012 and 2016. Alan Ritchson has portrayed Reacher in two TV seasons since 2022.
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Vigilantes in fiction: The (anti)hero in comics
Since their inception, both DC Comics and Marvel Comics have introduced a vast array of superheroes. A significant number of them are vigilantes.
David Baldacci: The Camel Club
David Baldacci's series delves into the clandestine world of an exclusive society known as the Camel Club. Its members are unique individuals such as Oliver Stone, also known as John Carr, a former government assassin; Reuben Rhodes, a former Defense Intelligence Agency operative turned Vietnam War protester; Caleb Shaw, an employee in the Rare Book Wing of the Library of Congress; and Milton Farb, a child prodigy grappling with severe obsessive-compulsive disorder and paranoia.
This motley crew of outcasts and conspiracy theorists has united around a common goal: to expose corruption and unveil hidden plots entrenched within the upper echelons of the US government. Their objective is to ensure those at the highest rungs of power face the consequences of their actions.
And if you’ve ever wondered about the peculiar choice of “Camel Club” as their moniker, the books themselves offer an explanation that adds an intriguing layer to the narrative:
Alex said, “Okay, I need to know something. Why the Camel Club?”
Stone answered, “Because camels have great stamina. They never give up.”
“That’s what Oliver says, but the real reason is this,” Reuben countered. “In the 1920s there was another Camel Club. And at each meeting of that club, they would all raise their glasses and take a vow to oppose Prohibition to the last drop of whiskey. Now, that’s my kind of club.”
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